The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland at the front of your neck, but it plays a big role in how you feel every day. It produces hormones that control your metabolism, which affects your energy, weight, body temperature, heart rate, mood and much more. When the thyroid makes too much or too little hormone, the effects can be felt throughout the body.
Understanding the signs of thyroid problems can help you get the right care sooner.
An underactive thyroid
When the thyroid does not make enough hormone, a condition called hypothyroidism, the body slows down. Common signs include tiredness, feeling cold, weight gain, dry skin, thinning hair, constipation, low mood and difficulty concentrating.
An overactive thyroid
When the thyroid makes too much hormone, known as hyperthyroidism, the body speeds up. This can cause weight loss, a fast or irregular heartbeat, anxiety, shaky hands, sweating, trouble sleeping and feeling hot.
Who is more at risk?
Thyroid conditions are more common in women and become more likely with age. A family history of thyroid problems, certain autoimmune conditions and recent pregnancy can also raise the risk.
Getting checked
A simple blood test measures your thyroid hormone levels. Your doctor may also feel your neck for any swelling or lumps and ask about your symptoms and family history.
Treatment and everyday care
Most thyroid conditions are very treatable. Depending on the cause, treatment may include daily medicine, regular monitoring and lifestyle support. A balanced diet, regular activity and good sleep all support overall wellbeing.
When to seek help
If you notice ongoing tiredness, unexplained weight changes, a racing heart or swelling in your neck, speak with your doctor. Early diagnosis makes treatment simpler and helps you feel like yourself again.
With the right care, most people with thyroid conditions lead full, active and healthy lives.
Our General Healthcare and Men's and Women's Health teams offer thyroid checks and personal support.